JUXTAPOSITION

Juxtaposition is the art of placing two or more objects next to each other to create a sense of contrast among them. The prefix "Juxta" comes from the Latin root which means "nearby, near, close." 

Juxtaposition in Cinematography 

Directors often use photography to illustrate conflict. Cinematographers juxta pose elements like subject, foreground and background to create meaning that isn't portrayed in the dialogue. This helps in understanding character dynamics, plot points and settings solely using composition. 

Juxtaposition in Editing

One of the major principles of editing is the use of juxtaposition. Editors arrange the shots in such a way that it creates contrast with shots instead of words. 

To define juxtaposition within post-production, one must understand the principle known as the Kuleshov Effect. The Kuleshov Effect is a theory which states that it is a mental phenomenon where the audience derives more meaning from the juxtaposition of two sequential shots than one isolated single shot.

To juxtapose a shot with another is to convey that the shots would not have made sense without each other.